In this chapter we must know how to identify and connect the cables to make a successful LAN and WAN connections. Router is an example of an intermediary device, a device that connects directly to the end user or provides the end user routing to other networks. In choosing in an appropriate LAN device in the Internetwork devices, the UTP cable is the one to connect the router’s LAN interfaces to the LAN media but modules can be added for using fiber-optics but also it depends on the series or model of router. In the intranetworking devices there are two most common devices used which are hubs and switches. A hub is a piece of equipment that acts as a multiport repeater. This is typically chosen to a very small LAN connection and less expensive than the switch. The switch is expensive than the hub because of its enhanced performance and reliability that cause of its cost. But before you decide in selecting a device you must have meet this factors: Cost; Speed and Types of Ports/Interfaces; Expandability; Manageability; and Additional Features and Services. The switch is more efficient than a hub but a redundant system is one of the goals in the switch because it allows the physical network to continue its operation even if one device fails. In a router this are the advantages: Expandability; Media; and Operating System Features. Its expandability comes to both fixed and modular physical configurations. Its operating system features are: Security; Quality of Service (QoS); Voice over IP (VoIP); Routing multiple Layer 3 protocols; and Special services such as Network Address Translation (NAT) and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
In planning the installation of LAN cabling, there are four physical areas to consider: Work area; Telecommunications room, also known as the distribution facility; Backbone cabling, also known as vertical cabling; and Distribution cabling, also known as horizontal cabling.
In selecting a type of media to the LAN and WAN connections there are advantages and disadvantages to be consider. This are:
Cable length - Does the cable need to span across a room or from building to building?
Cost - Does the budget allow for using a more expensive media type?
Bandwidth - Does the technology used with the media provide adequate bandwidth?
Ease of installation - Does the implementation team have the ability to install the cable or is a vendor required?
Susceptible to EMI/RFI - Is the local environment going to interfere with the signal?
In making a LAN connection you will use a RJ-45 connector which is the male component crimped on the end of the cable. If you want to connect different types of devices use a straight-through cable and when connecting the same type of device, use a crossover cable. In short these are the devices in connecting a straight-through cable and cross-over cable:
In a straight-through cable: Switch to router; Computer to switch; and Computer to hub
In a crossover cables: Switch to switch; Switch to hub; Hub to hub; Router to router; Computer to computer; and Computer to router
In making WAN connection you will consider the chart, the serial and the DSL.
In designing an Internetwork Address Standard this are the hosts: the general users; special users; network resources; router LAN interfaces; management access; and Router WAN Links.
In WAN Interfaces the serial used for connecting WAN devices to the CSU/DSU is the Serial WAN interfaces. A CSU/DSU is a device used to make the physical connection between data networks and WAN provider's circuits. In the LAN interfaces the Ethernet is used for connecting cables that terminate with LAN devices such as computers and switches. This interface can also be used to connect routers to each other. The console interface is the primary interface for initial configuration of a Cisco router or switch. The Auxiliary (AUX) Interface is used for remote management of the router. A modem is connected to the AUX interface for dial-in access.
The device management connection needs an:
PCs require an RJ-45 to D-9 or RJ-45 to DB-25 adapter.
COM port settings are 9.600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control.
This provides out-of-board console access.
AUX switch port may be used for a modem-connected console.
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